Vibrant Culture of Remembrance

Addressing war and tyranny, ideologically motivated crimes and political injustice in the 20th century, not to mention commemorating the victims of persecution, play an important role in the culture of remembrance in the Federal Republic of Germany. Preserving eye-witness reports by persons who actually experienced the events is the key element in a culture of remembrance destined to make certain that coming generations are conscious of the crimes committed by the Nazis.

The numerous memorials to the various groups of victims all over Germany are also part of this vibrant culture of remembrance. In central Berlin Berlin Once a year, during the Berlinale film festival, the world of the silver screen focuses its attention on Berlin. And the city’s inhabitants are used to global interest. After all, the people of Berlin have lived in a capital city since 1458. However, there is also a shady side to the city’s history… Read more › , for example, the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe is a memorial to the six million Jewish victims of the Holocaust.

In May 2025 Germany will commemorate the end of the Second World War and thus the end of the Nazi dictatorship 80 years ago. In October 2025, the country will be celebrating 35 years of German unity. In the major anniversary years of 2014 and 2015, marking the 100th anniversary of the beginning of the First World War and the 25th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Berlin Once a year, during the Berlinale film festival, the world of the silver screen focuses its attention on Berlin. And the city’s inhabitants are used to global interest. After all, the people of Berlin have lived in a capital city since 1458. However, there is also a shady side to the city’s history… Read more › Wall respectively, the overwhelming sentiment in the memor­ial services had already been one of gratitude. Gratitude for the Allies’ anti-Hitler co­alition for liberating Germany in 1945, and for the opportunity to re-build the country and its reunification in 1990. There was also gratitude to those who, as surviving victims of the Holocaust, bore witness to the crimes – and reached out their hands to a democratic Germany after the Second World War.

Memories of the communist dictatorship during the Soviet Occupation Zone (1945–1949) and the days of East Germany (1949–1990) are also being kept alive for those generations that never experienced the division of Germany and the East German system. The Federal Commissioner for the Records of the State Security Service of the Former German Democratic Republic is the institution where files are still being examined, sorted and made accessible to those affected and academics. In mid-2021, responsibility for the documents was transferred to the Federal Archives. A permanent exhibition in the former headquarters of the State Security Service (Stasi) of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in Berlin provides an insight into the means and methods the Stasi used to spy on, control and intimidate the population.

In the “Bendlerblock” in the Mitte district of Berlin the German Resistance Memorial Centre is devoted to the resistance to the Nazi dictatorship. It is located on the historical site of the failed coup attempted by the group headed by Count Stauffenberg on 20 July 1944. The Memorial Centre impressively documents how, between 1933 and 1945, individuals and groups took action against the dictatorship of the Third Reich and made use of what freedom of action they had.